An example that explains more precisely the hierarchy of influences on human behavior

 Why does crime tend to be lower in small towns?

The bigger the city, the greater the tendency for high crime rates. And the same pattern coincides, only in the opposite direction, for small towns. Even in more violent countries, such as Brazil.

So, what are the factors behind this phenomenon?

Many will point to the environment as the main factor. They will say that, in big cities, there are more people, and this factor alone increases the risk of human conflicts that result in violent acts. They will also say that social inequalities are greater and this leads some or many people, especially the poorest, to envy those who have more money than them, increasing the risk of engaging in criminal activities. And that these first two factors also fuel the urge for competition, especially among men, increasing the risk of them becoming involved in criminal activities or violent acts. They could also cite other, more specific environmental factors, such as greater access to psychotropic drugs, to claim that what is generally lacking in small cities and exceeds in large ones is sufficient to explain why there is this predominant trend of statistical differences in crime. And what's more, because they are not wrong, if, in fact, it is entirely feasible that these environmental factors have an influence on human behavior. However, these same people enter a state of absolute denial when they conclude that only the environment explains how we behave, because, even though there is a certain logic in not concluding in advance about biological or genetic factors, if they have not yet been fully identified and understood by science, it is a rationally pragmatic matter to deduce, confidently, that these factors are as influential or more influential and that discarding them, as these "circumstantialists" do, is, at the very least, imprudent. Although we do not yet have a complete picture of direct evidence on the genetic or biological influence on human behavior, it is already possible to perceive an accumulation of indirect evidence, through the observation of patterns, which confirm it, for example, by the perception of stability and predictability, in the medium and long term, of personality traits and intelligence. So, if it is true that densely populated urban environments present an increased risk of violent behavior, it is also true that individuals with different behavioral dispositions are impacted in different ways in the same environments or when they are exposed to the same stimuli and pressures, if not the majority of human beings in these spaces become violent or prone to committing crimes, not even in the outskirts of large cities. Therefore, it is not only the environment that influences human behavior, but also our own mental characteristics, which are more innate or intrinsic, and not just reflections of the influence of the environment on us. Again, it is a deduction that can be made, precisely because they are more stable and predictable in the medium and long term, because they are, on average, less influenced by social interventions or because they express themselves in a relatively independent way to pressures and stimuli (our behaviors are not absolutely logical, in the sense of reciprocal, to what happens around us or that interacts with us), there being, most likely, a coincidence or confluence between mental traits and environmental interaction factors, when there is a reciprocal response, and not that "factor x caused a behavioral expression to emerge, out of nowhere, in a certain individual". In conclusion, the most appropriate explanation for this social phenomenon, which is also behavioral, psychological, cognitive, genetic..., is that individuals with significantly higher levels of willingness to engage in violent, selfish or impulsive behavior feel more stimulated to practice them in densely populated urban environments than in less populated environments, also due to all the factors mentioned above, which serve as triggers or catalysts for tendencies and not as primary sources from which they originate. Because if only the environment had a preponderant role of influence, there would always be a great uniformity of behavior in response to it: a certain environment, pressure or stimulus, probably because of the variation in the disposition of mental characteristics (more intrinsic).

Final additional questions

Are these differences in criminality also a question of selective migration? Of mutation? And of statistical proportion??

1-

Do small towns attract or retain more individuals with a more docile temperament, while big cities tend to attract more impulsive, greedy and selfish types?

This is a very important question, because it makes sense that different environments/tend to attract or retain different types of human beings. Not that this factor fully explains this statistical difference in crime, but it can serve as an addendum that can partially explain this social phenomenon.

2-

Larger populations are more likely to have higher values ​​of genetic diversity, because they are more susceptible to mutations that occur more naturally among them than in small populations, including mutations related to mental disorders, personality disorders...

3-

5% of psychopaths in a city of 15 thousand inhabitants (750) is not the same as 5% of psychopaths in a city of 2 million (100 thousand), right??

Therefore, having a large population increases the absolute proportion of individuals with mental disorders of a moral nature, such as psychopathy, and therefore increases the probability that they will engage in violent or criminal acts. This, without taking into account possible statistical differences in the incidence of psychopathy between small and large cities (the selective migration factor).

"Bandido bom é bandido morto"?/"A good criminal is a dead criminal"?

 Em casos de crime hediondo, a priori, sim. Mas mesmo nessa categoria máxima de crime, ainda é preciso tomar muito cuidado para não fazer julgamentos equivocados que podem condenar inocentes, como em casos de legítima defesa que resultam no assassinato de um parente de sangue por outro, por exemplo, de um pai por um filho, que geralmente causam muito comoção e revolta, especialmente por causa da popularidade da ideologia do familiarismo, de adoração excessiva pela entidade da família, que também leva a outros mitos acerca desse tópico, como a afirmação ou crença de que "toda mãe é sagrada", desprezando a existência de mães "desnaturadas" que abusam de sua posição primária de prestígio dentro de um contexto familiar para praticar atos (racionalmente) insondáveis contra os seus próprios filhos. Sem desprezar a existência de casos ainda mais complexos em que as circunstâncias têm um papel mais importante, como uma orquestração de acontecimentos desfavoráveis que acabam resultando em "situações policiais" envolvendo indivíduos sem histórico de crimes,e de boa índole.

In case of heinous crimes, a priori, yes. But even in this maximum category of crime, great care must still be taken not to make mistaken judgments that may condemn innocent people, as in cases of self-defense that result in the murder of a blood relative by another, for example, of a father by a son, which generally cause a lot of commotion and outrage, especially because of the popularity of the ideology of familialism, of excessive adoration for the family entity, which also leads to other myths about this topic, such as the statement or belief that "every mother is sacred", disregarding the existence of "unnatural" mothers who abuse their primary position of prestige within a family context to commit (rationally) unfathomable acts against their own children. Without disregarding the existence of even more complex cases in which circumstances play a more important role, such as an orchestration of unfavorable events that end up resulting in "police situations" involving individuals with no history of crimes, and of good character.

Sobre o problema da "esquerda" e a solução de El Salvador/On the problem of the "left" and the solution for El Salvador

 Bom senso versus pseudociência "do bem"

As medidas mais eficazes para diminuir a criminalidade a curto prazo consistem no endurecimento das leis e seu cumprimento, e na abrangência da identificação e posterior detenção de criminosos. Basicamente: se você prender e manter presos todos os que se envolvem com práticas ilícitas, especialmente as de natureza violenta, o índice de criminalidade nas ruas irá despencar. E foi justamente isso que aconteceu em El Salvador, desde que o atual presidente, reeleito por maioria significativa de votos, decidiu declarar guerra às gangues do tráfico de drogas que haviam transformado o pequeno país da América Central em um palco sangrento de disputas de territórios e assassinatos. Então, de um país em estado de guerra civil, depois da implementação do novo modus operandi, os índices de violência despencaram, de um dos mais altos para um dos mais baixos do mundo. Pois eu não desprezo que detenções ilegais possam estar acontecendo e que o presidente Nayib Bukele está longe de ser o homem mais sábio e empático do mundo, se tratando de um empresário, amante despudorado do capitalismo (ditadura do dinheiro) e talvez, apresentando pretensões ditatoriais se se manter no poder por muito tempo. Mas para alguém que mantém sua cabeça no lugar, é inquestionável o seu sucesso no combate ao crime em El Salvador. Bem, para mim e muitos outros, é inquestionável. Mas para uma turma de pedantes e teimosos patológicos, eu diria mais, perigosos,  especialmente em relação a esse tópico, da violência urbana, aqueles que parecem sentir mais pena de bandidos do que de suas vítimas, por enquanto, têm lhes restado pouco, desde a audácia de fazerem ginásticas mentais para condenar as ações do presidente de El Salvador no que tange à criminalidade em seu país (como se ele estivesse, ele mesmo, cometendo crimes hediondos com essas medidas duras), até ao silêncio, afinal, o que ele tem feito é o exato oposto do catecismo abstrato de bom mocismo sempre defendido por essa turma e que costuma piorar os índices de criminalidade...

Common sense versus "good" pseudoscience

The most effective measures to reduce crime in the short term consist of toughening laws and enforcing them, and broadening the identification and subsequent arrest of criminals. Basically: if you arrest and keep in prison everyone who engages in illicit activities, especially those of a violent nature, the crime rate on the streets will plummet. And that is exactly what has happened in El Salvador, since the current president, reelected by a significant majority of votes, decided to declare war on the drug trafficking gangs that had transformed the small Central American country into a bloody stage for territorial disputes and murders. So, from a country in a state of civil war, after the implementation of the new modus operandi, the violence rates plummeted, from one of the highest to one of the lowest in the world. I do not disregard the fact that illegal detentions may be taking place and that President Nayib Bukele is far from being the wisest and most empathetic man in the world, being a businessman, a shameless lover of capitalism (the dictatorship of money) and perhaps presenting dictatorial pretensions if he remains in power for a long time. But for someone who keeps his head on straight, his success in fighting crime in El Salvador is unquestionable. Well, for me and many others, it is unquestionable. But for a group of pathologically stubborn pedants, I would say more dangerous, especially in relation to this topic of urban violence, those who seem to feel more sorry for criminals than for their victims, for now, they have little left, from the audacity to do mental gymnastics to condemn the actions of the president of El Salvador regarding crime in his country (as if he himself were committing heinous crimes with these harsh measures), to silence, after all, what he has done is the exact opposite of the abstract catechism of good-will always defended by this group and which usually worsens crime rates...